China's Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi. also known as HSK or the Chinese Proficiency Test,
is the national standardized test designed and developed by the HSK Center of Beijing
Language and Culture University to assess the Chinese language proficiency of non-native
speakers ( including foreigners, overseas Chinese and students from Chinese national
minorities ). According to level of difficulty, HSK is divided into three categories:
beginning level (HSK Basic}, elementary to intermediate level ( HSK Elementary-Intermediate
), and advanced level ( HSK Advanced ), These Three categories of the test from
a comprehensive testing system, ranging from beginning to advanced level. As tests
of general language proficiency, HSK is not based on any particular textbook or
course of study. Therefore candidates may refer to any textbook in preparing for
the test.
In order to be thoroughly familiar with the test, candidates are expected to
read the HSK Guide for Basic, Elementary-Intermediate and Advanced level and the
User Handbook which describes the organization and content of the test. Had is held
regularly in China and other countries each year. Certificates of HSK will be issued
to those who have secured the required scores.
HSK and the issuing of HSK Certificates are supervised by the State Commission
of Chinese Proficiency Test under the Ministry of Education. HSK is jointly administered
by the Office of the State Commission of Chinese Proficiency Test under the State
Commission of Chinese Proficiency Test and the HSK Center of Beijing Language and
Culture University.
Beginning Level of HSK ( HSK
Basic )
HSK Basic is a standardized test designed for beginners. It is most appropriate
for those who have acquired 400 – 3000 basic Chinese words ( referring to level
A and B in the Outline of HSK Vocabulary ) and the corresponding rules of grammar
( referring to level A and B In the Outline of ASK Grammar ).
1. Function of the Certificate
of HSK Basic:
The Certificate of HSK Basic includes three levels, i. e. level A, B and C. (
Level A is the highest, equivalent to level C of the Certificate of HSK Elementary-
Intermediate. ) The certificates will be awarded to those who have secured the required
scores. The certificate of HSK Basic serves.
(1) as a requirement to enter a college or university in China as an undergraduate
student in the field of science, engineering, agriculture and Western medicine (Level
A only).
(2) to exempt students from taking certain language courses in China.
(3) as a reference for hiring decisions for positions requiring basic competence
in Chinese.
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2. HSK Basic scoring system:
(1) A subscore of HSK Basic is a scale score ranging from 0 to 100 with 50 as
the mean and 20 as the standard deviation. The total score, which is the Sum of
scale scores for subscotes, is a scale score ranging from 0 to 300. The scale subscores
show the relative position of a candidate in a standard HSK Basic sample group.
Table l, 1 gives the percentile of scale subscores. The second row indicates the
percentage occupied by those whose scores are lower than the corresponding scores
in the standard HSK Basic reference group.
| Subscore
|
100 |
76 |
67 |
60 |
55 |
50 |
45 |
40 |
33 |
24 |
| Percentage
|
100 |
90 |
80 |
70 |
60 |
50 |
40 |
30 |
20 |
10 |
Table 1.1 Percentile of subscores of HSK Basic
(2) The type and grade of HSK Basic is based on the total score. Table 1. 2 explains
the type and grade of the certificate.
|
Types and Grade
|
Grade Level
|
Score Range
|
|
Basic Level
|
C
|
Level1
|
100-154
|
|
B
|
Level2
|
155-209
|
|
A
|
Level3
|
210-300
|
Table 1.2 HSK Types and Grades of the Basic Certificate
(3)Requirements to obtain HSK Basic certificate:
corresponding level. The candidate must secure the total minimum score required
for the
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3. Description
of the level scoring system of HSK Basic:
HSK Basic has three score levels ranging from 1 to 3:
Level 1 Has basic competence (Low) In Chinese. Able to handle simple, elementary
needs in very familiar situations. Any person having mastery of 600 Chinese words
and certain rules of grammar can reach this standard which is also the standard
for obtaining the certificate of HSK Basic Grade C.
Level 2 Has basic ( Mid ) in Chinese. Able to satisfy Partially the requirements
of basic communicative exchanges. Level 2 is the standard for obtaining the certificate
of HSK Basic Grade B.
Level 3 is the minimum level in Chinese proficiency for a candidate to Level
3 Has basic competence (High) in Chinese. Level be admitted to a college or university
in China as an undergraduate student in the field of science, engineering, agriculture
and Western medicine as well as the standard for obtaining the certificate of HSK
Basic Grade A, which is equivalent to Grade C of HSK Elementary.
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4. Components and test
length of HSK Basic:
HSK Basic is a 140-item, 135-minute test. HSK Basic is divided into three subtests:
listening, sentence structure and reading. All items are multiple锚choice. During
the time allowed for each section, examinees must work on that section only and
are not permitted to work beyond the time limit for the section. Examinees are also
not permitted go back to an earlier section. The test is taken in this order:
approximately
First Section Listening
50 items 35 minutes
Second Section Sentence Structure 40 items
40 minutes
Third Section Reading
50 items 60 minutes
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About HSK Elementary-Intermediate:
HSK Elementary - Intermediate is suitable for persons who
have mastery of 2000-5000 Chinese words (referring to level A, B and C in the Outline
of HSK Vocabulary) and certain rules of grammar (referring to level A, B and C in
the Outline of HSK Grammar).
1.
Function of the Certificate of HSK Elementary-Intermediate:
(1) to be a requirement to enter a college or university in China as an undergraduate
student.
(2)to exempt the holder from taking certain language courses in China.
(3)as a basis for employers to
evaluate job applicants' Chinese language proficiency.
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2. HSK Elementary-Intermediate
scoring system:
(1) Interpretation of the
scores of HSK Elementary – Intermediate:
A subscore of HSK Elementary - Intermediate is a scale score with 50 as the mean
and 15 as the standard deviation. The total scores is a scale score with 200 as
the mean and 60 as the standard deviation. These scores show the relative position
of the candidate in a standard HSK sample group. In table 2.1, it indicates the
relative position of a candidate in the whole group. The column on the right gives
the percentage of those whose scores are lower than the corresponding scores in
the standard HSK reference group. The total score is not equal to the sum of all
the subscores.
|
HBK Score
|
Percentage
|
|
Total score
|
Subscore
|
|
400
|
100
|
100
|
|
277
|
69
|
90
|
|
250
|
63
|
80
|
|
231
|
58
|
70
|
|
215
|
54
|
60
|
|
200
|
50
|
50
|
|
185
|
46
|
40
|
|
169
|
42
|
30
|
|
150
|
37
|
20
|
|
123
|
31
|
10
|
Table 2. 1 Percentile of the scores of HSK Elementary-Intermediate
(2) Table 2. 2 shows the subscores of HSK Elementary-Intermediate as well as
the types and grades of the certificate of HSK Elementary-Intermediate.
|
Types and Grade
|
Grade Level
|
Score Range
|
|
Types
|
Grade
|
|
Listening
|
Grammar
|
Reading
|
Cloze
|
Score Range
|
|
Elementary Level
|
|
Bottom Line
|
29-37
|
28-36
|
30-38
|
28-36
|
115-151
|
|
C
|
Line3
|
38-46
|
37-45
|
39-47
|
37-45
|
152-188
|
|
B
|
Line4
|
47-55
|
46-54
|
48-56
|
46-54
|
189-225
|
|
Line5
|
56-64
|
55-63
|
57-65
|
55-63
|
226-262
|
|
Intermediate Level 6
|
C
|
Line6
|
65-73
|
64-72
|
66-74
|
64-72
|
263-299
|
|
B
|
Line7
|
74-82
|
73-81
|
75-83
|
73-81
|
300-336
|
|
A
|
Line8
|
83-100
|
82-100
|
84-100
|
82-100
|
337-400
|
Table 2. 2 HSK subscore ranking standard and types, grades of Elementary and
Intermediate certificate.
In table 2. 2, HSK Elementary has a bottom line below
level C, which is established for the convenience of setting the standards for HSK
elementary certificate. So the bottom line cannot be used for measuring the
beginning level. Thecandidate cannot gain the certificate of HSK Elementary if his
score reaches the bottom line.
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3. Description of the
level scoring system:
HSK has eleven score levels, amongst which levels 1-3 are the beginning level,
levels 3-5 are the elementary level, levels 6-8 are the intermediate level,. levels
9-11 are the advanced level. The following is the description of levels 3 level
8.
Level 3 Has basic (low) competence in Chinese. A person reaching this level
can gain the certificate of HSK Elementary Glade C. Level 3 is the minimum level
in Chinese proficiency for a candidate to be admitted to a college or university
in China as an undergraduate student in the field of science, engineering, agriculture
and Western medicine.
Level 4 Has basic (mid) competence in Chinese. Can gain the certificate
of HSK Elementary Grade B.
Level 5 Has basic (high) competence in Chinese, Can gain the certificate
of HSK Elementary Grade A.
Level 6 Is proficient in Chinese at the intermediate (low) level. Can gain
the certificate of HSK Intermediate Grade C. level 6 is the minimum level required
by the Ministry of Education for a candidate to enter a college or university in
China as an undergraduate student in the field of literature, history and traditional
Chinese medicine.
Level 7 Is proficient in Chinese at the intermediate (mid) level. Can gain
the certificate of HSK Intermediate Grade B.
Level 8 Is proficient in Chinese at the intermediate (high) level. Can
gain the certificate of HSK Intermediate Grade A.
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4. Requirements to obtain the certificate of HSK Elementary - Intermediate:
(1) The candidate must secure the total scores required for
the corresponding grade.
(2) The candidate must secure three of the four required subscores
for the corresponding grade.
(3) Only one of the four subscores is allowed to be lower than
the required minimum grade, but not lower than the minimum scores of the next lower
grade. In such a case, the candidate can only be awarded the certificate of a lower
grade.
The above 3 requirements aim at encouraging the candidate to develop
various skills in Chinese uniformly. The irregular development of any particular
skill will affect the obtaining of the HSK certificate.
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5.
Components and test length of HSK Elementary - Intermediate:
HSK Elementary- Intermediate is a 1 70-item, 145 minutes test which is divided
into four subtest: listening, sentence structure, reading and cloze. Items from
1-154 are multiple choice. Items 155-170 are a test of ~comprehension in which blank
spaces at regular intervals in a text must be filled in with appropriate Chinese
characters. During the time allowed for each section, examinees must work on that
section only and are not permitted to work beyond the time limit for the section.
Examinees are a1so not permitted to turn to a section that has not been announced
or turn to a previous section. The test is taken in this order:
First Section Listening
50 items 35 minutes
Second Section Sentence Structure
30 items 20 minutes
Third Section Reading
50 items 60 minutes
Fourth Section Cloze
40 items 30 minutes
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About HSK Advanced
HSK Advanced applies to those who have mastery of 5000-8000 Chinese words (referring
to level A, B, C and D in the Outline of HSK Vocabulary) and the corresponding rules
of grammar (referring to level A. B. C and D in the Outline of HSK Grammar).
1. Function of the
Certificate of HSK Advanced:
(1) to be a requirement in Chinese proficiency for a
candidate to enter a university in China as a graduate student.
(2) to exempt the holder from taking certain Chinese
courses.
(3) to certify the holder as being qualified in doing
ordinary work by using Chinese as a communicative tool.
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2. HSK Advanced Scoring system:
(1) Interpretation of the scores of HSK Advanced:
A subscore of HSK Advanced is a scale score with 50 as the mean and 15 as the
standard deviation. These scores show the relative position of the candidate in
a standard sample group. Table 3. 1 helps to locate the relative position of a candidate
in the whole group. The second line Indicates the percentage occupied by those whose
scores are lower than the corresponding scores in the standard HSK reference group.
|
subscore
|
100
|
69
|
63
|
58
|
54
|
50
|
46
|
42
|
37
|
31
|
|
percentage
|
100
|
90
|
80
|
70
|
60
|
50
|
40
|
30
|
20
|
10
|
Table 3, 1 Percentile of suhacores of HSK Advanced.
(2) Table 3. 2 shows the types and grades of the certificate of HSK Advanced
|
Types and Grades
|
Scores Level
|
Score Range
|
|
Types
|
Grades
|
Listening
|
Reading
|
Cloze
|
Compositior
|
Oral
|
Total score
|
|
Advanced Level
|
|
Bottom Level
|
46-57
|
42-53
|
42-53
|
46-57
|
44-55
|
220-279
|
|
C
|
9
|
58-69
|
54-65
|
54-65
|
58-69
|
56-67
|
280-339
|
|
B
|
10
|
70-81
|
66-77
|
66-77
|
70-81
|
68-79
|
340-399
|
|
A
|
11
|
82-100
|
78-100
|
78-100
|
82-100
|
80-100
|
400-500
|
Table 3. 2 Types and grades of the certificate of HSK Advanced
In table 3. 2, HSK Advanced has a bottom line, which is established for the convenience
of setting the standards for the certificate of HSK Advanced. So the bottom line
is only efficacious for ranking HSK advanced levels. It cannot be used for ranging
his level in HSK elementary and intermediate when the score Of a candidate reaches
the bottom line.
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3. Description
of the level scoring system for HSK Advanced:
HSK has eleven score levels, among which levels 9-11 ale the advanced level.
Level 9 Is proficient in Chinese at the advanced (low ) level. Level 9 Is the
standard to obtain the certificate of HSK Advanced Grade C. This is also the requirement
for a candidate to use Chinese as a communicative tool in ordinary work.
Level 10 Is proficient in Chinese at the advanced (mid) level. Level 10 is the
standard to obtain the certificate of HSK Advanced Grade B. This is also the requirement
for a candidate to use Chinese as a communicative tool in ordinary work.
Level 11 Is proficient in Chinese at the advanced (High) level. Reaching level
11 can be regarded as qualified as an Intermediate interpreter or translator. Level
11 Is the standard to obtain the certificate of HSK Advanced Grade A.
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4. Requirements
to obtain the certificate of HSK Advanced:
(1) The candidate must secure the total score required for the corresponding
grade of the certificate .
(2) In the five subtests, the candidate must secure three of the
four subseores for listening, reading, composition and oral test required for the
corresponding grade.
(3) Two of the five subscores may be lower than the required minimum,
(for the four subtests of listening, reading, composition and oral, only one subscore
may be lower than the required minimum for the corresponding grade), but not lower
than the required minimum scores for the next lower grade. In such a case, the candidate
can only be awarded a certificate of a lower grade.
(4) None of The five Subscoreg is allowed to be lower than the bottom
line under Grade C.
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5. Components and
test length of HSK Advanced:
The total test length is 2 hours 35 minutes.
HSK Advanced consists of three separately timed subtests: 120-item written test
(objective ), composition and oral test. The 120-item test is organized into three
subtests: listening, reading and cloze. A variety of objective question types will
be used including multiple-choice, matching, gap-filling and writing Chinese characters.
The oral test takes the form of an interview. During the time allowed for each section,
examinees must work on that section only, and are not permitted to work beyond the
time limit for the section. Examinees are also not permitted to turn to a section
that has not been announced or go back to a previous section.
The test is taken in this order and timed as follows:
1) objective item 120 items
105 minutes
a) listening 40 items
approximately 25 minutes
b) reading
first section 15 items
15 minutes
second section 25 items
25 minutes
c) cloze 40
items
40 minutes
After the 120-item written test, there is a 10-minute rest break. Then a composition
and oral test follow.
2) composition 30 minutes
3) oral test 20 minutes
first stage preparation
10 minutes
second stage alk (recorded)
10 minutes
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Issuing of the HSK certificate and period of validity of the certificate:
1.The HSK certificate and score report will be mailed to the HSK centers or agencies
by the sponsoring institution within two months after the test date. The candidates
may get the certificate and score report either by collecting themselves at the
test center or by mail from the test center.
2.The HSK certificate has permanent validity, whereas the period of validity
of the score report, as certification for foreign students to enter a college or
university in China, is two years (beginning from the date when the test session
is administered).
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Test Dates
1. National Test Dates
HSK Basic is offered twice a year on fixed dates.
(1) the second Sunday in January 2:30 p. m. (Beijing time)
(2) the fourth Sunday in May 2:30 p. m. (Beijing time)
HSK Elementary-Intermediate is offered three times a year in fixed dates.
(1) the second Sunday in January 9:00 a. m. (Beijing time)
(2) the fourth Sunday in May 9:00 a. m. (Beijing time)
(3) July 25, 9:00 a. m. (Beijing time)
HSK Advanced is administered once a year on a fixed date
(1) the second Sunday in May 9:00 a. m. (Beijing time)
2. International test dates are not fixed. They depend on the arrangement between
the Office of State Commission of Chinese Proficiency Test and the individual test
center. Please contact test centers or agencies for further information. (Addresses
of the test centers are given in the User Handbook).
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Registration for HSK
Currently HSK has been offered in 17 countries or regions around the world including
Japan, Korea, Singapore, Canada, the United States, Australia, Germany, France,
Italy, the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Russia. Britain, Vietnam, New Zealand.
Macao. In China, approved test centers or agencies have been established in Beijing,
Shanghai, Tianjing, Guangzhou, Nanjing, Harbin, Changchun, Shenyang, Dalian, Jinan,
Qingdao, Xian, Wuhan, Chengdu, Hangzhou. Nanning, Xiamen, Guilin, Kunming, Urumqi
and Hong Kong (the address of these test centers is given in the User Handbook).
There will be more test centers established both in China and outside China. Candidates
may find the most convenient test center to register.
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Registration Procedures
and Regulations:
(1) Two recent 30 x 40 mm Photos without head wear and a photo-bearing identification,
such as a passport or residence permit.
(2) The appropriate fees for the test and registration (fees may differ for tests
administered in different countries, so please contact the test center for details).
Fees for the test and registration will not be refunded under any circumstances.
When a candidate cannot take the test and makes the request to the test center in
which he registered before the test date, he will be required to pay only the registration
fee if he takes another test in the future.
(3) A candidate not near to a test center may register by mail and should send
the following:
a) a copy of the identification paper;
b) a resume to include name, sex, nationality, date of birth and address;
c) two recent 30 x 40 photos without head wear;
d) fees for the test and registration in the form of money order.
All applications must be sent by registered mail at least one week before the
registration deadline. No registration may be made by telephone. Candidates will
be given admission tickets and the HSK User Handbook (free of charge). Candidates
must report to the testing room according to the time and place written on the admission
ticket. The admission ticket will not be mailed in case it should get lost. It will
be given to the foe candidate upon arrival at the testing site.
It is important for all the candidates taking the test to be familiar with the
User Handbook, which contains complete information about test taking.
The HSK Guide, sample test papers and a key, accompanied by a cassette tape recording
of the listening section of the sample test are available in all the test centers
or agencies. Candidates are responsible for purchasing them directly from the test
centers.
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Taking HSK
a ) To be admitted to the test center, every examinee will be required to present
the admission
ticket and an official identification such as a passport or residence permit
bearing a recognizable photograph.
b) Pencils, erasers and a watch ace the only items permitted in the test center.
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Advisory Services
The Chinese Proficiency Test (HSK ) is a non-profit test. Any academic institution
or organization, or university interested in promoting HSK is encouraged to administer
HSK. Those institutions intend to conduct HSK must satisfy the following four requirements:
(1)The institution is expected to have an academic background or a kind of academic
authority in academic circles.
(2)Administration of HSK intends to help, not specific group of people but people
of all ages and in all walks of life.
(3)HSK is for the public good. The aim of HSK is non-profit.
(4) The institution should be able to provide the best conditions possible, e.
g. comfortable room temperature, low noise level, adequate writing surfaces, spacing
of seats, good 1ight and ventilation, good recording equipment and sound delivery,
as well as trained and qualified examiners who are proficient in Chinese. For detailed
information please contact :
---Office of the State Commission of Chinese Proficiency Test
p. c. 100083
Tel: (++8610) 82303978
Fax: (++8610) 82303915
---HSK Center of Beijing Language and Culture University
Address:
HSK Center of Beijing Language and Culture University
No. 15, Xueyuan Road
Haidian District
Beijing 100083
China
Tel:(++8610) 82303672,82303962
Fax: (++8610) 82303901
E-mail: HSK1@blcu.edu.cn
HSK2@blcu.edu.cn
Homepage: http://www.hsk.org.cn
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